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World Journal of Engineering Research and Technology

( An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal )

An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Engineering Research and Technology

An Official Publication of Society for Advance Healthcare Research (Reg. No. : 01/01/01/31674/16)

ISSN 2454-695X

Impact Factor : 7.029

ICV : 79.45

WJERT Citation

  All Since 2020
 Citation  172  110
 h-index  7  5
 i10-index  1  0

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Abstract

FROM FOSSILS TO GREEN: DRIVERS OF CO2 EMISSIONS IN ADVANCED ECONOMIES

*Besma Talbi, Lamia Arfaoui, Mona Alzahrani

ABSTRACT

This study examines the determinants of CO₂ emissions in the G7 countries (1990–2023) using an extended STIRPAT framework and panel econometric techniques (CS-ARDL, CCEMG, AMG). We assess the roles of economic growth, energy mix, environmental policies, green innovation, and financial development on both production- and consumption- based emissions. Results show that fossil fuel consumption increases emissions, while renewable energy, climate policies, and green innovation reduce them, with innovation effects amplified by developed financial markets. Partial EKC patterns are observed, and consumption-based measures highlight carbon leakage through trade. Robustness checks confirm the stability of findings, offering policy insights for sustainable low-carbon transitions.

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